Train station Lida

On February 14, 1883, Emperor Alexander III “deigned to order the Minister of Railways to proceed immediately to the construction of the Vilna-Rivne railroad with a branch to Pinsk and connecting branches to neighboring roads ”. On May 12, work began on the construction of the Vilna-Rivne railway, which, according to the project, was supposed to cross the Lida district from north to south. In the fall of 1983, a railway bridge was built across the Ditva river at Dorzha. In the spring of 1884, a plot of land with an area of ​​6.83 hectares between the city and Sloboda was allocated and purchased for the Lida station. By the fall, a stone-brick locomotive depot with two stalls and a wooden station were built. In October 1884, the most difficult object was completed - a bridge over the river. Neman near the village of Selets.

On December 30, 1884, “the first train passed through Lida from the direction of Vilna,” the construction of a 320 km section of the Vilna-Luninets road was completed. The average cost of 1 kilometer of the road cost the treasury 43 thousand rubles - a very moderate figure for those times.

In 1885, a railway station began to function at the Lida station. It was built of wooden logs in the Russian style with carved decorations. At the station there were office premises, 130 m of passenger platforms, 20 m of covered and 40 m of closed commodity platforms, a reservoir and a water-lifting building. The passenger platforms were made of rubble and broken bricks and filled with lime mortar.

The first commander of the Lida station was Reserve Staff Captain Andrei Andreevich Potulov, an Orthodox participant in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-78. Vladimir Konstantinovich Bilinsky was appointed assistant to the station chief on August 1, 1885.

In 1886, the Vilna-Rivne and Pinsk railways were merged into the Polessye railways. The road administration was located in Vilno.
In July 1888, the Russian Emperor Alexander III rode along the Vilna-Rivne road in an emergency train of extreme importance.

In August 1897, a small Orthodox chapel in the Russian style with four columns was built from bricks on the south side of the station. Inside, behind the glass, there was an icon of St. Nicholas, which was illuminated by lanterns at night.

Lev Vladislavovich Zayonchkovsky (1887-88), Vasily Kuzmich Razkazov (06.16.1894-95), Konstantin Avgustinovich Rosenthal (1895-1904) were the heads of the Lida station at the end of the 19th century.

In 1906, six trains passed through the Lida station: three in the direction of Baranovichi - express number 1, postal number 3, product number 7, and three towards Vilna: express number 2, postal number 4 and product number 3. At the station the trains stopped for 15 minutes.

On January 1, 1907, the Polotsk-Sedletsk railway was put into operation through Molodechno, Lida, Mosty, Volkovysk, Svisloch with a branch in Mosty to Grodno. This road was built for French money by the railway troops for 5 years (1902-1906). At the Lida station, the Polotsk-Sedletskaya railway was connected to the Polesskaya railway.

In 1906, between the two railways - "on the island" - the second-order and most architecturally spectacular Lida railway station was built of brick.

The station was built in the Art Nouveau style, had a room for the head of the station, a cash desk, a luggage compartment, a telegraph office, waiting rooms for class 1-2 and class 3 passengers, a buffet, men's and women's water closets (toilets) with washstands. The rooms were heated with tiled stoves. Exactly the same stations were erected in Molodechno and Volkovysk. The author of the project is unknown.

At the same time, workshops, a brick depot for 4 steam locomotives, wooden warehouses, a viaduct, three residential buildings, a telegraph were built at the Lida station, a water supply was laid from the river. Leader.

At first, the Polotsk-Sedletsk railway was subordinated to the management of the Nikolaev railway, in 1910 it was transferred to the Polesie railways. The honorary citizen Alexander Alexandrovich Vinogradov (1907-1910) was appointed the head of the new station. The head of the depot was Nikolai Fedorovich Zenkovich (1908-15), an Orthodox nobleman who graduated from a technical railway school. Locomotive master - Leon Eduardovich Rutkovsky (1909). Warehouse superintendent - Mikhail Grigorievich Kornilo (1915), one of the peasants.

A train of 4 cars “ran” along the Polotsk-Sedletskaya road: blue class 1, golden yellow class 2 and 2 green cars of class 3. The train ran from Polotsk to Lida in 10 hours, from Molodechno - in 3.5 - 4 hours.

On October 7, 1907, on his way from Kiev to St. Petersburg from the Lida railway station, the famous Russian poet Alexander Aleksandrovich Blok (1880-1921) sent a telegram to his wife: “On the eighth morning we will arrive with Borey Sasha”. Borya is Andrei Bely, real name Boris Nikolaevich Bugaev (1880-1934) - writer, poet, one of the leading figures of Russian Symbolism and Modernism.

A week before Russia's entry into the First World War, a telegraphic announcement was posted at the Lida railway station that the railway was relieving itself of any responsibility for the timely delivery of goods. The next day, 13 (26) July, one of the battalions of the Lida regiment returned from the Oran military training ground and immediately took the railway under protection. All tracks, bridges, railway buildings and institutions were furnished with armed soldiers, the exit to the platform was closed. July 19 (August 1) 1914 Germany declared war on Russia. “On the railway, all passenger trains passing through Lida were canceled. Brigades of drivers, conductors and all kinds of railway specialists, as well as many locomotives, arrived in Lida from other railways. Day and night, military echelons raced from east to west without interruption. With a 12-hour delay, mail trains were barely squeezed through the densely packed tracks.

On Thursday, July 24 (August 6), 1914, the 172nd Lida Infantry Regiment in the amount of 4,000 bayonets marched in battalion with music from the barracks of the Northern town to the station, plunged into echelons and departed for the front. From 26 to 31 July (8-13 August), corps detachments of the 4th aviation company, based in Yuzhny Gorodok, left for the front by rail.

In early 1915, the German army launched an offensive on the Eastern Front. In April, the Germans carried out the Gorlitsky Breakthrough, which led to the Great Retreat of the Russian armies. On May 5 (18) through Lida, without stopping, the Russian Emperor Nicholas II drove to Baranovichi to the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief.

In July, the Russian army began a general withdrawal from the Kingdom of Poland. In August, the Lida junction station “was packed to the brim with not only echelons of troops being transferred to the northern front, but also trains with artillery and government property removed from Brest-Litovsk, Warsaw, Osovets, not to mention many refugees. It is easy therefore, one can imagine what was happening at this station "

On August 14 (27), the Ilya Muromets planes flew to Pskov from the Lida airfield, leaving behind property: workshops, cars, motors, machine guns, bombs, an anti-aircraft battery, tents, instruments, documentation, etc.

“The construction by women, since there were no male workers at that time, helped a lot in the removal of the squadron's property, a small branch connecting the airfield with the station. True, the railway track and the rails on this branch held, as they say, on parole, but still the path survived, and three echelons, including one with a large load of airplane bombs, hit the station tracks, and from there, a few days later they set out on Molodechno, and contrary to all railway rules, behind and in front of the train, at a distance of about 200 fathoms between them, other trains were moving "

Before the retreat, sappers of the Russian army blew up railway bridges on the river. The Neman and the Ditve River, a viaduct in Lida, burned down the railway station. In support of this I will refer to the Quartermaster General of the German Army on the Eastern Front E. Ludendorff: “The Russians have thoroughly destroyed the railways everywhere. Bridges across the Neman and other more or less significant rivers were blown up to the ground, train stations were burned, water supplies were destroyed, and the telegraph was knocked down. Part of the canvas was blown up, sleepers and rails were removed. " The head of the Lida station during these years (1914-15) was Kazimir Feliksovich Yakimovich.

The report of the German command says that "at night the Lida station was bombarded with bombs." It could have been Lehman's Z 12 Zeppelin.

On September 29, 1915, the headquarters of the 12th reserve German army was located in Lida. The army was commanded by General of the infantry Max von Fabek. German railroad troops immediately began to rebuild the railroad. The track was changed to the European standard from 1524 mm to 1435 mm, the viaduct was repaired.

Bridge on the r. They did not restore the Nemunas, they erected a wooden one nearby.

In the second half of May - early June 1916, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany traveled by train along the Vilna-Lida-Slonim-Grodno route.

On May 31, 1916, at the Lida station, the Kaiser was greeted by the soldiers of the 49th Reserve Division, general and writer Friedrich von Bernhardi, lined up in 10 rows.

By the spring of 1917, the Germans cleaned up the station, significantly changing its general appearance by transforming high arched windows into low rectangular ones.

In December 1918, German troops began to leave the territory of Belarus. The last German detachment left the Lida station on January 3, the Red Army soldiers of the 3rd Sedletsk regiment of the Western Division of the Red Army entered the city on January 6 from the direction of Ivya.
The Izvestia newspaper, in its issue of January 30, 1919, reported that "a continuous alteration of the track along the Vilno-Baranovichi line is underway."

To be continued.

The material was provided by the senior researcher of the Lida Museum - Valery Vasilievich Slivkin. When using the material, a link to the site is required.

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The train and electric train schedule for Lida station for 2020 contains 10 trains and 15 electric trains. The timetable is updated daily, taking into account all current changes from Russian Railways. The first train arrives at the station at 02 h 57 min. It follows from the Vitebsk station to the Grodno station. The latter departs from the platform at 03:40 am, following from Gomel station to Grodno station. On average, trains stop at Lida station for about 12 minutes.

The first train leaves to the Grodno stopping point at 03:50. The last train leaves at 03:50 to the Grodno stop. The average parking time for an electric train at the Lida station is min. All changes in the schedule of commuter trains for today and tomorrow are immediately displayed on the site.

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